primrose

/prim"rohz'/, n.

1. any plant of the genus Primula, as P. vulgaris (English primrose), of Europe, having yellow flowers, or P. sinensis (Chinese primrose), of China, having flowers in a variety of colors. Cf. primrose family.

2. See evening primrose.

3. pale yellow.

adj.

4. of or pertaining to the primrose.

5. Also, primrosed. abounding in primroses: a primrose garden.

6. of a pale yellow.

[1375-1425; late ME primerose < ML prima rosa first rose]

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I

Any flowering plant of the genus Primula, one of 28 genera of the family Primulaceae.

Primula includes more than 500 species, which occur chiefly in the Northern Hemisphere in cool or mountainous regions. The plants are low-growing, usually perennial herbs; a few are biennials. Most species grow 25–50 cm (10–20 inches) tall, but some are as short as 5 cm and others as tall as 120 cm. Many species are cultivated for their attractive, five-petaled flowers, which may be red, pink, purple, blue, white, or yellow. Other plants in the primrose family include cyclamens and pimpernels. The evening primrose (family Onagraceae) is not a true primrose.

II

(as used in expressions)

evening primrose

Rosebery Archibald Philip Primrose 5th earl of

Archibald Philip Primrose

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▪ plant

      flowering plants of the genus Primula (including Cortusa, Dionysia, and Dodatheon), of the family Primulaceae, with 490–600 species, chiefly occurring in the Northern Hemisphere in cool or mountainous regions. The plants are low-growing, usually perennial herbs; a few are biennials. Most species grow 25 to 50 cm (10 to 20 inches) tall, but some are as short as 5 cm (2 inches) and others as tall as 1.2 metres (4 feet). Many species are cultivated for their attractive flowers.

      The stalked leaves may be long and narrow or roundish and are crowded together. On the lower side the midrib is often prominent. The stalked flowers may be solitary, as in the common primrose (P. vulgaris), or more usually borne in loose umbels. The flowers have a tube with five spreading corolla and may be red, pink, purple, blue, white, or yellow.

      The fairy primrose (P. malacoides) and the Chinese primrose (P. sinensis) are generally grown in greenhouses. The polyanthus hybrids, probably including P. elatior and P. vulgaris in their parentage, are popular garden plants. P. auricula, also perhaps hybridized, gave rise to innumerable varieties that were especially popular in the 17th century and later. Many other species and hybrids are grown in cool greenhouses, rock gardens, or borders.

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