orpiment

orpiment
/awr"peuh meuhnt/, n.
a mineral, arsenic trisulfide, As2S3, found usually in soft, yellow, foliated masses, used as a pigment.
[1350-1400; ME < OF < L auripigmentum pigment of gold; see AURI-1, PIGMENT]

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 the transparent yellow mineral arsenic sulfide (As2S3), formed as a hot-springs deposit, an alteration product (especially from realgar), or as a low-temperature product in hydrothermal veins. It is found in Copalnic, Romania; Andreas-Berg, Ger.; Valais, Switz.; and Çölemerik, Tur. The crystals belong to the monoclinic system. For detailed physical properties, see sulfide mineral (table).

      Ancient Middle Eastern artists used orpiment (from Latin auri, “golden”; pigmentum (pigment), “paint”) as a pigment, but it gained little attention from Western artists until the 18th century, when production of artificial arsenic trisulfide was begun. Because of its extreme toxicity, it was abandoned, except for a very fine grade called king's yellow, which was used until cadmium yellow (principally cadmium sulfide) became available.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Orpiment — General Category Sulfide mineral Chemical formula …   Wikipedia

  • orpiment — [ ɔrpimɑ̃ ] n. m. • XIIe; du lat. auripigmentum, proprt « couleur d or » ♦ Chim. anc. ou techn. Sulfure naturel d arsenic de couleur jaune orangé, utilisé en peinture et dans certaines industries. ● orpiment nom masculin (latin auripigmentum)… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • orpiment — ORPIMÉNT s.n. Pigment natural de arsen, de culoare galben strălucitor, folosit ca vopsea în pictură. – Din fr. orpiment. Trimis de ionel bufu, 15.05.2004. Sursa: DEX 98  orpimént s. n. Trimis de siveco, 10.08.2004. Sursa: Dicţionar ortografic … …   Dicționar Român

  • Orpiment — Or pi*ment, n. [F., fr. L. auripigmentum; aurum gold + pigmentum pigment. Cf. {Aureate}, {Pigment}, {Orpin}, {Orpine}.] (Chem.) Arsenic sesquisulphide, produced artificially as an amorphous lemon yellow powder, and occurring naturally as a yellow …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • orpiment — Orpiment, ou Orpigment, m. acut. Est ce qu on appelle Arsenic rouge, Arsenicum, Auripigmentum …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • orpiment — [ôr′pi mənt] n. [OFr < L auripigmentum, pigment of gold: see AURIC & PIGMENT] arsenic trisulfide, As2S3, having a lemon yellow color and a resinous luster: it is used as a pigment …   English World dictionary

  • Orpiment — Cet article concerne le minéral. Pour le pigment, voir orpiment (couleur). Orpiment Catégorie II : sulfures et sulfosels[1] …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Orpiment — Auripigment (engl. Orpiment) Auripigment (gelb) mit einem Restanteil Realgar (rot) Chemische Formel As4S6 Mineralklasse nichtmetallartige Sulfide II/F.02 70 (nach Strunz) 2.11.1.1 (n …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • orpiment — (or pi man) s. m. Sulfure jaune d arsenic, naturel ou artificiel, employé en peinture, différent du sulfure rouge qui contient moins de soufre et qu on nomme réalgar. •   Les sources [salines] de Montmorot charriaient, disait on, de l arsenic et… …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

  • orpiment — n. 1 a mineral form of arsenic trisulphide, formerly used as a dye and artist s pigment. Also called yellow arsenic. 2 (in full red orpiment) = REALGAR. Etymology: ME f. OF f. L auripigmentum f. aurum gold + pigmentum pigment …   Useful english dictionary

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