lignin

lignin
/lig"nin/, n.
1. Bot. an organic substance that, with cellulose, forms the chief part of woody tissue.
2. Papermaking. impure matter found in wood pulp.
[1815-25; LIGN- + -IN2]

* * *

Complex oxygen-containing organic compound, a mixture of polymers of poorly known structure.

After cellulose, it is the most abundant organic material on Earth, making up one-fourth to one-third of the dry weight of wood, where it is concentrated in the cell walls. Removed from wood pulp in the manufacture of paper, it is used as a binder in particleboard and similar products and as a soil conditioner, filler in certain plastics, adhesive ingredient, and raw material for chemicals including dimethyl sulfoxide and vanillin (synthetic vanilla flavouring).

* * *

▪ organic material
      complex oxygen-containing organic substance that, with cellulose, forms the chief constituent of wood. It is second only to cellulose as the most abundant organic material on Earth, though it has found relatively few industrial uses other than as a fuel. It is a mixture of complex, apparently polymeric compounds of poorly known structure. Lignin is concentrated in the cell walls of wood and makes up 24–35 percent of the oven-dry weight of softwoods and 17–25 percent of hardwoods. It is removed from wood pulp in the manufacture of paper, usually by treating with agents such as sulfur dioxide, sodium sulfide, or sodium hydroxide. Lignin has a number of industrial uses as a binder for particleboard and similar laminated or composite wood products; as a soil conditioner; as a filler or an active ingredient of phenolic resins; and as an adhesive for linoleum. Vanillin (synthetic vanilla) and dimethyl sulfoxide are also made from lignin.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Lignin — or lignen is a complex chemical compound most commonly derived from wood and an integral part of the secondary cell walls of plants.cite encyclopedia |last=Lebo |first=Stuart E. Jr. |author= |authorlink= |coauthors=Gargulak, Jerry D. and McNally …   Wikipedia

  • Lignin — Lig nin (l[i^]g n[i^]n), n. [L. lignum wood: cf. F. lignine.] (Bot.) A substance characterizing wood cells and differing from cellulose in its conduct with certain chemical reagents. [1913 Webster] Note: Recent authors have distinguished four… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Lignin — Lignin, nannte man sonst die Holzfaser, wenn sie bei der Behandlung des Holzes mit verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln als reine Pflanzenfaser zurückbleibt (s.u. Faserstoff 1). Payen bezeichnet als L. die auf der innern Oberfläche der Pflanzenzelle… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Lignin — (Holzstoff), eine celluloseähnliche Substanz, welche neben Cellulose in wechselnden Mengen im Holz vorkommt, den unverdaulichen Teil der Futterpflanzen, die sogenannte Rohfaser, bildet und wahrscheinlich kein einheitlicher Körper, sondern ein… …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

  • Lignin — (Chem.), s.u. Schießbaumwolle S. 158 …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • lìgnīn — m 〈G lignína〉 1. {{001f}}kem. uz celulozu, glavni sastojak drvne tvari (do 30 %), još neobjašnjene strukture, kod prerade drva u celulozu (papir) treba ga odvojiti otapanjem u lužini ili u otopini kalcijeva sulfita 2. {{001f}}vrsta tankog papira… …   Veliki rječnik hrvatskoga jezika

  • lignin — 1822, from L. lignum wood (see LIGNI (Cf. ligni )) + chemical suffix IN (Cf. in) (2) …   Etymology dictionary

  • lignin — lìgnīn m <G lignína> DEFINICIJA 1. kem. uz celulozu, glavni sastojak drvne tvari (do 30%), još neobjašnjene strukture, kod prerade drva u celulozu (papir) treba ga odvojiti otapanjem u lužini ili u otopini kalcijeva sulfita 2. vrsta tankog… …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • lignin — ► NOUN Botany ▪ a complex organic polymer deposited in the cell walls of many plants, making them rigid and woody. ORIGIN from Latin lignum wood …   English terms dictionary

  • lignin — [lig′nin] n. [ LIGN(I) + IN1] an amorphous, cellulose like, organic substance which acts as a binder for the cellulose fibers in wood and certain plants and adds strength and stiffness to the cell walls …   English World dictionary

  • Lignin — Strukturformel Beispiel einer Ligninstruktur Allgemeines Name Lignin …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”