Fermat's principle

Fermat's principle
Optics. the law that the path taken by a ray of light in going from one point to another point will be the path that requires the least time.
[1885-90; named after P. de FERMAT]

* * *

optics
      in optics, statement that light traveling between two points seeks a path such that the number of waves (the optical length between the points) is equal, in the first approximation, to that in neighbouring paths. Another way of stating this principle is that the path taken by a ray of light in traveling between two points requires either a minimum or a maximum time. Thus, two beams of light diverging from a distant object point and converged by a lens to an image point will have identical optical path lengths. Fermat's principle was first enunciated in 1658 by Pierre de Fermat (Fermat, Pierre de), a French mathematician. It is useful in the study of optical devices.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Fermat's principle — In optics, Fermat s principle or the principle of least time is the idea that the path taken between two points by a ray of light is the path that can be traversed in the least time. This principle is sometimes taken as the definition of a ray of …   Wikipedia

  • Fermat’s principle — Ferma principas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. Fermat’s law; Fermat’s principle vok. Fermatsches Prinzip, n rus. принцип Ферма, m pranc. principe de Fermat, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • Fermat's principle of least time — (physics) see ↑principle of least time under ↑principle …   Useful english dictionary

  • fermat's principle — (ˈ)fer|mäz noun Usage: usually capitalized F Etymology: after Pierre de Fermat died 1665 French mathematician, its formulator : a statement in optics: the path actually followed by a ray of light undergoing reflection or refraction is one of… …   Useful english dictionary

  • principle of least time — noun A statement that the path of a ray, eg of light, from one point to another will be that taking the least time (also ↑Fermat s principle of least time) • • • Main Entry: ↑principle …   Useful english dictionary

  • Fermat, Pierre de — born Aug. 17, 1601, Beaumont de Lomagne, France died Jan. 12, 1665, Castres French mathematician. Of Basque origin, Fermat studied law at Toulouse and developed interests in foreign languages, Classical literature, ancient science, and… …   Universalium

  • Principle of least action — This article discusses the history of the principle of least action. For the application, please refer to action (physics). In physics, the principle of least action or more accurately principle of stationary action is a variational principle… …   Wikipedia

  • Fermat's theorem — The works of 17th century mathematician Pierre de Fermat engendered many theorems. Fermat s theorem most commonly refers to one of the following theorems: * Fermat s Last Theorem * Fermat s little theorem * Fermat s theorem on sums of two squares …   Wikipedia

  • Fermat, Pierre de — (1601 1665)    mathematician    Born in Beaumont de Lomagne, Pierre de Fermat was a magistrate who had a passion for mathematics. In his youth, with his friend blaise pascal,he made a series of investigations into the properties of figurative… …   France. A reference guide from Renaissance to the Present

  • Principle of least effort — The principle of least effort is a broad theory that covers diverse fields from evolutionary biology to webpage design. It postulates that animals, people, even well designed machines will naturally choose the path of least resistance or effort …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”