essentialism

essentialism
—essentialist, n., adj.
/euh sen"sheuh liz'euhm/, n. Educ.
a doctrine that certain traditional concepts, ideals, and skills are essential to society and should be taught methodically to all students, regardless of individual ability, need, etc. Cf. progressivism.
[1935-40; ESSENTIAL + -ISM]

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In ontology, the view that some properties of objects are essential to them.

The "essence" of a thing is conceived as the totality of its essential properties. Theories of essentialism differ with respect to their conception of what it means to say that a property is essential to an object. The concept of an essential property is closely related to the concept of necessity, since one way of saying that a property P is essential to an object O is to say that the proposition "O has P" is necessarily true (see necessity). A general but not very informative way of characterizing essential properties is to say that a property is essential to an object if the object cannot lack the property and still be the object that it is. Properties of an object that are not essential in this sense are said to be accidental. See also identity of indiscernables.

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Universalium. 2010.

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