lord high steward

lord high steward

▪ English honorific office
      an honorific office that came to England with the Norman ducal household. From 1153 it was held by the earls of Leicester and then of Lancaster until it came into the hands of John of Gaunt (John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster), duke of Lancaster, who assumed control over the minor King Richard II and strengthened the office. By the Duke's order the minutes were kept of proceedings held before him on the claims to take part in the coronation ceremonies. The resulting judgments became precedents for the court of coronation claims held before the steward. (In the 20th century this court was still held before coronations but was presided over by commissioners.) In 1397 John of Gaunt established another notable tradition by presiding as lord high steward at the trial before Parliament of the Earl of Arundel and others. The lord high stewardship ceased to be a permanent post in 1421 with the death of Thomas of Lancaster, duke of Clarence. Thereafter a steward was appointed only to preside over the Court of Claims, to perform certain ceremonial duties at the following coronation, and, in certain cases, to preside over those members of the House of Lords who were acting in their capacity as judges at the trial of a peer. The Criminal Justice Act of 1948 abolished the privilege of peers in relation to criminal proceedings, and the judicial function of the lord high steward thus ended.

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  • Lord high steward — Steward Stew ard, n. [OE. stiward, AS. st[=i]weard, stigweard, literally, a sty ward; stigu sty + weard warden, guardian, his first duty having been probably to attend to the domestic animals. [root]164. See {Sty} pen for swine, {Ward}.] 1. A man …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Lord High Steward — The position of Lord High Steward of England is the first of the Great Officers of State. The office has generally remained vacant since 1421, except at coronations and during the trials of peers in the House of Lords, when the Lord High Steward… …   Wikipedia

  • lord high steward — noun : an English officer of state now appointed only for rare occasions (as a coronation or the trial of a peer) * * * Lord High Steward One of the great officers of state, and anciently the first officer of the crown in England • • • Main Entry …   Useful english dictionary

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  • Lord High Steward d'Irlande — Comte de Shrewsbury Le titre de comte de Shrewsbury[1] est le titre le plus ancien encore actif de la pairie d Angleterre, étant donné que le titre de comte d Arundel est aujourd hui lié au titre de duc de Norfolk. Les premiers comtes furent… …   Wikipédia en Français

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