Guthrie, Edwin Ray

Guthrie, Edwin Ray

▪ American psychologist
born January 9, 1886, Lincoln, Neb., U.S.
died April 23, 1959, Seattle, Wash.

      American psychologist who played a major role in the development of the contiguity theory of (contiguity, theory of) learning, a classical account of how learning takes place.

      Guthrie studied at the University of Nebraska and the University of Pennsylvania, obtaining his doctorate in symbolic logic from the latter in 1912. He joined the faculty of the University of Washington in 1914. Most of his work on the psychology of learning was conducted at Washington, where he remained until 1956.

      Guthrie argued on philosophical grounds that the simple association in time of an external stimulus and a behavioral response was sufficient for an animal or human subject to connect the two mentally. This view contrasted with that of other psychologists who felt that some form of reinforcement, either positive or negative, was necessary to establish the association between stimulus and response. Guthrie also denied the reinforcement theorists' contention that the association must be repeated several times before it is established as a behavioral pattern; on the contrary, only a single incident was enough for the association to be learned, he argued. Guthrie gathered experimental data to support his theory and presented his views in The Psychology of Learning (1935).

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Edwin Ray Guthrie — (9 January 1886, Lincoln, Nebraska 23 April 1959, Seattle, Washington) was an American behavioral psychologist. Educated at the University of Nebraska and the University of Pennsylvania, he played an important role in the development of the… …   Wikipedia

  • GUTHRIE (E. R.) — GUTHRIE EDWIN RAY (1886 1959) Psychologue américain de l’école béhavioriste, théoricien du comportement et de l’apprentissage. Après avoir fait ses études à l’université de Pennsylvanie, Guthrie obtient son doctorat en 1912. Il commence sa… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Guthrie — may refer to:People;Surname * A. B. Guthrie, Jr. * Allan Guthrie * Arlo Guthrie, American folk singer, son of Woody Guthrie * Bruce Guthrie * Carol Guthrie * Charles Guthrie, Baron Guthrie of Craigiebank, GCB LVO OBE, former Chief of The Defence… …   Wikipedia

  • Guthrie (Familienname) — Guthrie ist ein Familienname. Herkunft und Bedeutung Der Name ist im englischen Sprachraum verbreitet. Bekannte Namensträger A. B. Guthrie Junior (1901–1991), US amerikanischer Journalist und Schriftsteller Arlo Guthrie (* 1947), US… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Guthrie —   [ gʌθrɪ],    1) Edwin Ray, amerikanischer Psychologe, * Lincoln (Nebraska) 9. 1. 1886, ✝ Washington (D. C.) 23. 4. 1959; zuletzt Professor in Washington (D. C.); behavioristischer Lerntheoretiker; erklärte den Lernvorgang als Konditionierung… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Guthrie — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Guthrie est un nom qui est partagé par plusieurs personnalités, lieux ou choses: Alfred Bertram Guthrie, (1901 – 1991) écrivain américain, Allan Guthrie,… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • learning — /lerr ning/, n. 1. knowledge acquired by systematic study in any field of scholarly application. 2. the act or process of acquiring knowledge or skill. 3. Psychol. the modification of behavior through practice, training, or experience. [bef. 900; …   Universalium

  • learning theory — ▪ psychology Introduction       any of the proposals put forth to explain changes in behaviour produced by practice, as opposed to other factors, e.g., physiological development.       A common goal in defining any psychological (psychology)… …   Universalium

  • behaviourism — Highly influential academic school of psychology that dominated psychological theory in the U.S. between World War I and World War II. Classical behaviourism concerned itself exclusively with the objective evidence of behaviour (measured… …   Universalium

  • Kontiguitätstheorie — Die Kontiguitätstheorie ist eine behavioristische Lerntheorie. Sie wurde von Edwin Guthrie[1] entwickelt und 1935 in seinem Buch The Psycology of Learning (Die Psychologie des Lernens) veröffentlicht. Guthrie geht davon aus, dass ein Verhalten… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”