Guernica

Guernica
/gwair"ni keuh/; Sp. /gerdd nee"kah/, n.
1. Basque town in northern Spain: bombed and destroyed in 1937 by German planes helping the insurgents in the Spanish Civil War.
2. (italics) a painting (1937) by Pablo Picasso.

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Spain
in full  Guernica y Luno,  official Spanish-Basque composite  Gernika-Lumo 

      city, just northeast of Bilbao, Vizcaya provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Basque Country, northern Spain. The city, on the Río de Plencia (Butrón) near the inlet of the Bay of Biscay (Biscay, Bay of), is the statutory capital of the former lordship of Vizcaya, sacred to the Basques. It is symbolized by a venerable oak, the Guernikako arbola (tree of Guernica), under the branches of which the batzarraks (councils) of Vizcaya met to determine defense policies and to receive royal assurances of fueros (charters of privileges), which were retained from the Middle Ages through the 19th century. In 1366 Count Tello organized Guernica as an enclave, autonomous from the surrounding district of Luno, a status that endured until 1882, when Guernica and Luno were united as a municipality.

      After surviving the Carlist Wars of the 19th century, Guernica led the futile agitation for an independent Basque state in 1932. On April 27, 1937, the city was heavily bombed, supposedly by German planes, an incident that inspired Pablo Picasso's famous painting Guernica (1937). The city's architectural highlights include the Council or Parliament House (1824–33), the Tribunales (law courts), and the church of Santa María la Antigua (1418).

      Industries include food processing, furniture making, metalworking, and ammunition manufacturing. Tourism is an added source of income. Pop. (2007 est.) mun., 16,171.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Guernica — may refer to:* Guernica (town), Basque town, historical capital of Biscay * Bombing of Guernica, an attack on April 26, 1937 during the Spanish Civil War * Guernica (sculpture), a work of French sculptor René Iché, sculpted on the day of the… …   Wikipedia

  • Guernica — ist der spanische Name einer Stadt im Baskenland, siehe Gernika eine Stadt in Argentinien, siehe Guernica (Buenos Aires) der Name eines Bildes von Pablo Picasso, siehe Guernica (Bild) der Name einer Skulptur von René Iché, siehe Guernica… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Guernica — (Guernica y Luno) (izg. gèrnika i lúno) DEFINICIJA 1. grad u blizini Bilbaoa, S Španjolska, razoren u njemačkom zračnom napadu 1937, 2000 žrtava 2. naslov poznate slike P. Picassa posvećene stradanju u španjolskom građanskom ratu …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • Guernica — Guernica, Marktflecken in der spanischen Provinz Bilbao am Berge Cosnoaga; 900 Ew …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Guernīca — (spr. ger , G. y Luno), Bezirkshauptstadt in der span. Provinz Vizcaya, im schönen, fruchtbaren Tale des Küstenflusses Mundaca, an der Eisenbahn Amorebieta Bermeo gelegen, hat ein Schloß aus dem 13. Jahrh. und (1900) 3250 Einw. – G. war in… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Guernica — Guernica, Hernica, Villa im span. Baskenlande, wo unter der alten Eiche sonst die Provinziallandtage gehalten wurden …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • Guernica — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Guernica (homonymie). Gernika Lumo Musée du Pays basque à Guernica …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Guernica — La palabra Guernica (Gernika, en vasco) puede referirse a: Guernica, villa vizcaína, capital del municipio de Guernica y Luno; el Árbol de Guernica (en vasco, Gernikako arbola), que se encuentra en la Casa de Juntas de la localidad; el Bombardeo… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Guernica — Diferentes elementos denominados Guernica: 1. Villa vizcaína, capital del municipio de Gernika Lumo. Ver Guernica (localidad). 2. Árbol de Guernica (en vasco Gernikako arbola), que se encuentra en la Casa de Juntas de la localidad. Ver Árbol de… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Guernica — Original name in latin Guernica Name in other language State code AR Continent/City America/Argentina/Buenos Aires longitude 34.91722 latitude 58.38694 altitude 29 Population 0 Date 2011 11 19 …   Cities with a population over 1000 database

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